Ko je ovaj što i vjetrovima i vodi zapovijeda, i slušaju ga? (Lk 8.25)

Apstrakt: Na l. 81a Miroslavljevog jevanđelja, pri sredini drugog stupca, inicijalom V otpočinje začelo za četvrtu sredu po Novom letu, u kojem se opisuje Hristovo čudo stišavanja bure na Genisaretskom jezeru (Lk 8.22–25). Početno slovo perikope oblikuje antropomorfna prilika ribljeg repa, sa neobičnim oglavljem i školjkom u desnoj ruci. Hibridno stvorenje levicom izvlači dugačak jezik iz raskriljenih čeljusti zmije. U ranijim istraživanjima taj ukras je tumačen u kontekstu simboličnog značenja zmije u hrišćanskoj umetnosti – kao aluzija na prvorodni greh. Međutim, ikonografski detalji predstave i egzegeza Lukine perikope kojom inicijal otpočinje ukazuju na to da se u opisanoj ikonografskoj celini mogu prepoznati personifikacije Mora i Vetra, redovno pridruživane kompoziciji Utišavanja bure.

Ključne reči: Miroslavljevo jevanđelje, knjižna iluminacija, Stišavanje bure na Genisaretskom jezeru, ikonografija, personifikacije Mora i Vetra, Srbija, druga polovina XII veka.

Spisak referenci

Literatura

Aćimović 2019: D. Aćimović. „Dva inicijala Miroslavljevog jevanđelja (fol. 26v i 120r).“ Zograf, 43 (2019), 75–88.

Buslaev 1884: F. I. Buslaev. „Slavяnskiй i vostočnый ornament po rukopisяm drevnego i novogo vremeni.“ Sobral i issledoval Vladimir Stasov. Žurnal ministerstva narodnoga prosveщeniя, 233/5 (1884), 54–104.

Kovačević 1949–1950: J. Kovačević. „Oko Miroslavljevog jevanđelja.“ Istoriski časopis, 2 (1949–1950), 95–96.

Maksimović 1970: J. Maksimović. „Studije o Miroslavljevom jevanđelju II – 1. Žvan Batista, 2. Marija Magdalena.“ Zbornik za likovne umetnosti Matice srpske, 6 (1970), 3–11.

Maksimović 1983: J. Maksimović. Srpske srednjovekovne minijature. Beograd 1983.

Marković 1995: M. Marković. „Hristova čuda i pouke.“ Zidno slikarstvo manastira Dečana. Građa i studije. Beograd 1995, 133–147.

Mirković 1950: L. Mirković. Miroslavljevo evanđelje. Beograd 1950.

Muratova 1984: K. Muratova. Srednevekovый bestiariй. Moskva 1984.

Nikolajević 1906: B. S. Nikolajević. Oko minijatura Miroslavljevog jevanđelja. Beograd 1906.

Pokrovskiй 2001: N. B. Pokrovskiй. Evangelie v pamяtnikah ikonografii preimuщestvenno vizantiйskih i russkih. Moskva 2001.

Rodić, Jovanović 1986: N. Rodić, G. Jovanović. Miroslavljevo jevanđelje. Kritičko izdanje. Beograd 1986.

Savić 2019: V. Savić. Srpska književna reč u svojim prvim stolećima. Podgorica–Niš 2019.

Starodubcev 2016: T. Starodubcev. Srpsko zidno slikarstvo u zemljama Lazarevića i Brankovića, I. Beograd 2016.

Todić 1998: B. Todić. Srpsko slikarstvo u doba kralja Milutina. Beograd 1998.

Щepkina 1977: M. V. Щepkina. Miniatюrы Hludovskoй psaltыri. Moskva 1977.

Anderson 1983: J. C. Anderson. „The Date and Purpose of the Barberini Psalter.“ Cahiers archéologiques, 31 (1983), 35–76.

Anderson 1988: J. C. Anderson. „On the Nature of the Theodore Psalter.“ Art Bulletin, 70/4 (1988), 550–568.

Anderson et al. 1989: The Barberini Psalter: Codex Vaticanus Barberinianus Graecus 372. Ed. J. Anderson et. al. Zürich – New York 1989.

Bleecker Luse 1922: S. Bleecker Luse. „Heracle and Old man of the Sea.“ American Journal of Archeology, 26/2 (1922), 174–192.

Bonnell 1917: J. K. Bonnell. „The Serpent with Human Head in Art and in Mystery Play.“ American Journal of Archeology, 21/3 (1917), 255–291.

Böckerman 2016: R. W. Böckerman. The Methamorphoses of Education. Ovid in the Twelfth-century Schoolroom. Stockholm 2016 (doctoral dissertation, Stockholm University).

Burbaker 2003: L. Burbaker. „The Bristol Psalter.“ Through a Glass Brightly: Studies in Byzantine and Medieval Art and Archeology Presented to David Buckton. Oakville 2003, 127–141.

Cascianelli 2019: D. Cascianelli. „La tempesta sedata del papiro di Ossirinco del Museo Archeologico di Firenze (PSI VIII 920). Dall’ illustrazione alle altre arti.“ Arti minori e arti maggiori. Relazioni e interazioni tra Tarda Antichità e alto medievo. Todi 2019, 275–300.

Cotsonis 1989: J. Cotsonis. „On Some Illustrations in the Lectionary, Athos, Dionysiou 587.“ Byzantion, 59 (1989), 5–19.

Croke 1981: B. Croke. „Two Early Byzantine Earthquakes and Theri Liturgical Commemoration.“ Byzantion, 51/1 (1981), 122–147.

Cullhed 2016: Eustathios of Thessalonike: Commentary on Homer’s Odyssey, I. Ed. E. Cullhed. Uppsala 2016.

Demus 1984: O. Demus. The Mosaics of San Marco in Venice, I. Chicago 1984.

De Wald 1930: E. T. De Wald. The Stuttgarter Psalter: Biblia folio 23, Württembergische Landesbibliothek, Stuttgart (Facsimile and Commentary). Princeton 1930.

Der Nerssesian 1970: S. Der Nerssesian. L’illustration des psautiers grecs du moyen age, I. Pantokrator 61, Paris grec. 20, British Museum 40731 II. Londres, Add. 19.352. Paris 1970.

Dryden 1697: Virgil’s Aeneid. Ed. J. Dryden. New York 1697.

Duffrene 1966: S. Duffrene. L’illustration des psautiers grecs du moyen age, I. Pantokrator 61, Paris grec. 20, British Museum 40731. Paris 1966.

Duffrene 1978: S. Duffrene. Tableaux synoptiques de 15 psautiers médiévaux à illustrations intégrales issues du texte. Paris 1978.

Erdmann 1983: W. Erdmann. Die acht ottonischen Wandbilder der Wunder Jesu in St. Georg zu Reichenau-Oberzell. Sigmaringen 1983.

Evangelatou 2002: M. Evangelatou. The Illustration of Ninth-century Byzantine Marginal Psalters: Layers of Meaning and Their Sources. London 2002 (doctoral dissertation, Courtlaud Institute of Art).

Fairclough 1916: Virgil. Eclogues. Georgics. Aeneid, I–VI. Ed. H. R. Fairclough. London – New York 1916.

Fröhner 1878: W. Fröhner. Notice de la sculpture antique du Museé National du Louvre. Paris 1878.

Glynn 1981: R. Glynn. „Heracles, Nereus and Triton: a Study of Iconography in Sixth Century Athens.“ American Journal of Archeology, 85/2 (1981), 121–132.

Havice 1978: C. Havice. The Hamilton psalter in Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett 78.A.9. University park 1978 (doctoral dissertation, Pensylvania State University).

Jones 1935: Pausanias. Description of Greece, IV. Ed. W. H. S. Jones. Cambridge MA – London 1935.

Kambylis 1991: Eustathios. Proem to the Parekbolai on Pindar. Ed. A. Kambylis. Göttingen 1991.

Keiko 2001: K. Keiko. „The personification of the Jordan and the Sea: their function in the baptism in Byzantine art.“ Αφιέρωμα στη μνήμη του Σωτήρη Κίσσα. Θεσσαλονίκη 2001.

Kemp, Lauer 1972: W. Kemp, R. Lauer. „Sturm auf dem Meer.“ Lexikon der christlichen Ikonographie, IV. Rome–Freiburg 1972, 219–222.

Kleywegt 2005: Valerius Flaccus. Argonautica. Book I. A Commentary. Ed. A. J. Kleywegt. Leiden–Boston 2005.

Leclercq 1999: V. J. Leclercq. „Vox Dei clamat in tempestate. À propos de l’iconographie des Vents et d’un groupe d’iscriptions campanaires (Xi^e–XII^e siècles).“ Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, 42/166 (Paris 1999), 179–187.

Leclercq-Marx 1990: J. Leclercq-Marx. „Entre anges et démons. Les Vents dans l’iconographie medievale.“ Annales d’Historie de l’Art et d’Archeologie, 12 (Bruxelles 1990), 31–42.

Lowe 2016: D. Lowe. „Twisting in the Wind: Monumental Weathervanes in Classical Antiquity.“ The Cambridge classical journal, 62 (2016), 147–169.

Maitland 1999: J. Maitland. „Walls, and Narative Complexity in the Homeric Iliad.“ Classical Quarterly, 49/1 (1999), 1–13.

Mansi 1692–1769: G. D. Mansi. Sacrorum Conciliorum et Nova Amplissima Collectio, I–LIII. Paris–Leipzig 1692–1769.

Mateos 1962: J. Mateos. Le Typicon de la Grande Église. Ms. Sainte-Croix nᵒ 40, Xᵉ siècle, I. Roma 1962.

Most 2006: Hesiod. Theogony. Works and Days. Testimonia. Ed. G. W. Most. Cambridge MA – London 2006.

Neira Jiménez 2002: M. L. Neira Jiménez. La representación del ’thiasos’ marino en los mosaicos romanos. Nereidas y tritones. Madrid 2002 (doctoral dissertation, Universidad Complutense de Madrid).

Noble, de Solla Price 1968: J. V. Noble, D. J. de Solla Price. „The Water clock in the Tower of the winds.“ American Journal of Archeology, 72/4 (1968), 345–355.

Oliver 1966: A. Oliver. „Greek, Roman and Etruscan Jewelry.“ The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, 24/9 (1966), 269–284.

Omont 1908: H. Omont. Évangiles avec peintures byzantines du XIᵉ siècle. Paris 1908.

Orbst 1997: B. Orbst. „Wind Diagrams and Medieval Cosmology.“ Speculum, 72/1 (1997), 33–84.

Page, Rouse 1912: Apollonius Rhodius. The Argonautica. Ed. T. E. Page, W. H. D. Rouse. London – New York 1912.

Page, Rouse 1915: The Odes of Pindar Including the Principal Fragments. Ed. T. E. Page, W. H. D. Rouse. New York – London 1915.

PG: Patrologiae Cursus Completus. Series Graeca, I–CLXI. Ed. J. P. Migne. Paris 1857–1866.

PL: Patrologiae Cursus Completus. Series Latina, I–CCXVII. Ed. J. P. Migne. Paris 1844–1855.

Popovich 1963: LJ. Popovich. Personifications in Paleologian Painting (1261–1453). Washington D.C. 1963 (doctoral dissertation, Bryn Mawr Collage).

Raff 1978–1979: T. Raff. „Die Ikonographie der mittelalterlichen Windpersonifikationen.“ Aachener Kunstblätter, 48 (1978–1979), 71–218.

Riley 1892: Ovid. The Metamorphoses. Ed. H. T. Riley. New York 1892.

Roller 1983: L. E. Roller. „The Legend of Midas.“ Classical Antiquity, 2/2 (1983), 299–313.

Roosien 2018: M. Roosien. The Liturgical Commemoration of Earthquakes in Late Antique Constantinople: at the Intersection of Ritual, Environment, and Empire. Notre Dame IN 2018 (doctoral dissertation, University of Notre Dame).

Schiller 1971: G. Schiller. Iconography of Christian Art, I. New York 1971.

Van den Berg 2016: B. van den Berg. Homer and Rhetoric in Byzantium: Eustathios of Thessalonike on the composition of the Iliad. Amsterdam 2016 (doctoral dissertation, University of Amsterdam).

Velmans 1971: T. V. Velmans. Le tétraévangile de la Laurentienne: Florence, Laur. VI. 23. Paris 1971.

Wilpert 1906: G. Wilpert. „La pitture dell’oratorio di S. Silvia.“ Mélanges d’archéologie et d’historie, 26 (Paris 1906), 15–26.

Elektronski izvori

Digital Vatican Library: „Manuscript – Barb.gr.372“ <https://digi.vatlib.it/view/MSS_Barb.gr.372> 10. 11. 2025.